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The province of Orissa was formed on 1 April 1936 by merging parts of Ganjam and Viskhapatnam districts of Madras Presidency with the Oriya speaking districts of the province of Bihar and Orissa. The princely states attached to Bihar and Orissa were brought under the direct rule of the Viceroy of India.
| # | Name | Took office | Left office | Term[1] | Political party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Raja of Paralakhemundi | 1 April 1937 | 19 July 1937 | 1 | Unaffiliated |
| 2 | Biswanath Das | 19 July 1937 | 4 November 1939 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 3 | Kautuk Mitra | 29 November 1941 | 29 June 1944 | 2 | BJP |
| 4 | Harekrushna Mahatab | 23 April 1946 | 15 August 1947 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| # | Name | Took office | Left office | Term[1] | Political party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harekrushna Mahatab | 26 January 1950 | 12 May 1950 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 2 | Nabakrushna Choudhury | 12 May 1950 | 15 October 1956 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 3 | Harekrushna Mahatab | 15 October 1956 | 25 February 1961 | 2 | Indian National Congress |
| 4 | Biju Pattanaik | 28 June 1961 | 2 October 1963 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 5 | Biren Mitra | 2 October 1963 | 21 February 1965 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 6 | Sadashiva Tripathy | 2 October 1965 | 8 March 1967 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 7 | Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo | 8 March 1967 | 9 January 1971 | 1 | Swatantra Party and Orissa Jana Congress |
| 8 | Biswanath Das | 3 April 1971 | 14 June 1972 | 1 | United Front (Swatantra Party + Utkal Congress + Jharkhand Party) |
| 9 | Nandini Satpathy | 14 June 1972 | 3 March 1973 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 10 | Nandini Satpathy | 6 March 1973 | 16 December 1976 | 2 | Indian National Congress |
| 11 | Binayak Acharya | 29 December 1976 | 25 June 1977 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 12 | Nilamani Routray | 25 June 1977 | 17 February 1980 | 1 | Janata Party |
| 13 | Janaki Ballabh Pattanaik | 9 June 1980 | 7 December 1989 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 14 | Hemananda Biswal | 7 December 1989 | 5 March 1990 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 15 | Biju Pattanaik | 5 March 1990 | 15 March 1995 | 2 | Janata Dal |
| 16 | Janaki Ballabh Pattanaik | 15 March 1995 | 17 February 1999 | 2 | Indian National Congress |
| 17 | Giridhar Gamang | 17 February 1999 | 6 December 1999 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 18 | Hemananda Biswal | 6 December 1999 | 5 March 2000 | 1 | Indian National Congress |
| 19 | Naveen Patnaik | 5 March 2000 | present | 3 (3rd term in progress) | Biju Janata Dal |
Caste States [1]
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